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粉碎机
MIL · Sample Preparation Equipment · 5 models
By Lab Manufacturers China Technical TeamLast reviewed Standards: ISO 3310-1, ASTM E11, ISO 2591-1
Mills reduce laboratory samples to fine powder by impact, friction or attrition. They prepare material for digestion, X-ray analysis and spectroscopy, and are selected by the achievable particle size and the hardness of the sample.
5 models of Mills
The 5 models below are current configurations; specifications are confirmed on quotation.
球磨机
A ball mill grinds material by rotating a jar containing grinding balls, so the sample is reduced by cascading impact and friction. It suits larger batches and materials that need gentle, extended grinding.
行星式球磨机
A planetary ball mill rotates grinding jars on a sun wheel while they spin in the opposite direction, generating high energy for fast, very fine grinding. It is used for hard materials and nanoscale powder preparation.
盘式粉碎机
A disc mill grinds material between rotating discs to give a reproducible particle size. It is widely used to prepare pressed powders for X-ray fluorescence and other analyses requiring consistent grinding in the laboratory.
锤式粉碎机
A hammer mill grinds material with swinging hammers that strike it against a screen. It handles medium-hard and brittle samples at high throughput and is used for grains, minerals and chemicals in sample preparation.
气流磨
A jet mill grinds particles by accelerating them in high-speed gas streams so they break by collision with each other. It produces very fine, contamination-free powder and is used for pharmaceuticals and specialty chemicals.
| Model | Jar volume | Ball material | Final particle size | Grinding mode | Motor power |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ball MillMIL-0001 | 1–10 L | Alumina, zirconia or steel | Down to about 20 µm | Dry or wet | 0.37–1.5 kW |
| Planetary Ball MillMIL-0002 | 50–500 mL, two or four jars | Agate, zirconia or tungsten carbide | Down to 0.1 µm | Dry or wet | 0.75–1.5 kW |
| Disc MillMIL-0003 | — | — | Down to 20 µm | — | 1.5–4 kW |
| Hammer MillMIL-0004 | — | — | 0.1–3 mm, screen dependent | — | 0.75–2.2 kW |
| Jet MillMIL-0005 | — | — | 1–50 µm, adjustable | — | — |
Indicative values for this product class. Final specifications are confirmed on the quotation and in the calibration documents supplied with the instrument.
Mills reduce particle size by moving grinding media or tools against the sample. A ball mill rotates a jar containing balls, so the sample is ground by cascading impact and friction. A planetary ball mill rotates jars on a sun wheel in the opposite direction, generating high centrifugal energy and fast, fine grinding. A disc mill presses material between discs, a hammer mill strikes it with swinging hammers against a screen, and a jet mill accelerates particles in a gas stream so they break by inter-particle collision without contact with grinding media. The achievable fineness depends on the energy applied, the grinding time and the material, and contamination depends on the tool and jar materials.
Choose a mill according to the required final particle size and the sample hardness. A planetary ball mill reaches very fine sizes quickly and suits hard and brittle material; a standard ball mill suits larger batches and gentler grinding; a disc mill gives reproducible size for X-ray analysis; a hammer mill handles medium-hard brittle samples at higher throughput; and a jet mill gives very fine, contamination-free powder without grinding media. Confirm the final size range, batch capacity and jar or tool materials, and choose a material that does not introduce the elements being analyzed. Consider whether wet or dry grinding, and inert or cryogenic conditions, are needed.
Mills are specified in X-ray fluorescence and diffraction sample preparation, mineral, ore and cement fine grinding, pharmaceutical and chemical powder milling and environmental and geological sample reduction.
Work with Mills is commonly governed by ISO 3310-1, ASTM E11, ISO 2591-1, EPA 3050B and IEC 61010-1. Instrument certifications such as CE marking are confirmed per configuration and never assumed.
Match the jar and ball materials to the sample and the analytes of interest: agate for clean grinding, zirconia and tungsten carbide for harder samples, and stainless steel for general work. Do not exceed the recommended fill, since too much sample or too few balls reduces efficiency, while too many balls leave no space for movement. Grind in intervals to limit heating, which can change the sample or lose volatiles. Clean jars between samples and check wear, since worn media contaminate and no longer transfer energy efficiently. Verify particle size by sieving or laser diffraction, and follow the safety and guarding requirements for the equipment.
A ball mill rotates a jar so balls cascade and tumble, giving gentle grinding over a longer time. A planetary ball mill rotates jars in the opposite direction to the supporting disc, producing much higher centrifugal energy, faster grinding and a finer final size for the same sample.
Choose jar and ball materials that do not contain the elements being measured and that are hard enough not to wear excessively. Agate suits most trace work, zirconia and tungsten carbide suit harder samples, and plastic jars can be used where metal contamination must be avoided entirely.
The ball-to-powder ratio is the mass of grinding balls to the mass of sample. Higher ratios transfer more energy and grind faster but generate more heat, while lower ratios are gentler. Typical ratios range from about five to one up to twenty to one, set by the material and target size.
A jet mill is preferred when very fine powder is needed without contamination from grinding media, or when the material is heat-sensitive, because the expanding gas cools the particles. It gives a narrow particle size distribution but requires a compressed gas supply and dust collection.
Yes, many mills support wet grinding with water or a solvent, which reduces dust, keeps the sample cool and prevents agglomeration or oxidation. Wet grinding is common for very fine sizes, but the liquid must be removed afterwards by filtration, evaporation or drying before analysis.
